Confined Spaces — Construction

This course explains construction confined spaces under 29 CFR 1926 Subpart AA. It is separate from the general-industry course. Work regulated by Subpart P (excavations), Subpart S (underground construction, caissons, cofferdams and compressed air), or Subpart Y (diving) is excluded from Subpart AA. The employer must identify the rules that apply to the actual work; an exclusion does not mean no safety requirements apply. Where Subpart AA applies, other applicable OSHA requirements addressing the hazard also apply.

A confined space has all three features: it is large enough for bodily entry; it has limited or restricted entry and exit; and it is not designed for continuous employee occupancy. A pit, vault, tank or duct may qualify. Limited access includes conditions that impede movement, such as ladders, slippery floors or poor lighting. Evaluate the actual conditions rather than relying on the space name.

A confined space is permit-required if it has an actual or potential hazardous atmosphere, an engulfment hazard, a shape that could trap or suffocate a person, or another recognized serious safety or health hazard. Normal air does not rule out an exposed moving part, incoming material or a trapping shape.

Before work begins, each employer must ensure a competent person identifies the confined spaces where employees it directs may work and evaluates which are permit spaces, including testing as needed. A competent person can identify existing and predictable hazards and has authority to take prompt corrective measures. A course score alone does not establish that designation.

Inform exposed employees of permit-space locations and dangers through signs or equally effective means. Notify employee representatives and the controlling contractor promptly by a method other than posting alone. Prevent entry by workers who are not authorized. Each entry employer must implement its written program at the site and make it available before and during entry.

Entry occurs when any part of the body breaks the plane of the opening, even if accidental or no work is performed. Leaning a head or arm inside can be entry. Do not cross the boundary to inspect or retrieve an item without the required preparation and authorization. This course is not an entry permit.